Intellectual property and public health.
نویسندگان
چکیده
It is appropriate that this issue of the Bulletin coincides with the report of the WHO Commission on Intellectual Property and Innovation in Health (CIPIH).1 Developing health technolog gies for the world’s poor people increasg ingly requires the wise management of intellectual property (IP), and the papers in this issue all treat IP as a strategic asset. Vaccines, DNA patenting, and the innovative potential of a large research consortium are the focus of three papers; the promise of royalty collection clearing houses and patent pools is explored in the fourth, and two papers explain how the global IP system can be used to jumpgstart health technology innovation in developing countries. All the papers address the growth of product development public–prig vate partnerships (PDPs), such as the Malaria Vaccine Initiative. Seeking to promote the development of new health technologies for developing countries, these nongprofit organizations have led to a reassessment of the IP role in making health products available to the poor. Before PDPs, critics contended that IP allowed private pharmaceutical firms to dominate markets, perpetug ating high prices and excluding the poor from critical health technologies. In short, IP was considered bad for people’s health. However, as Chokshi et al.,2 Milstein & Kaddar3 and Dutg fieldW4 illustrate, we now know that creg atively managing IP can both facilitate access to health solutions and speed the development of products. New research shows that misuse or waste of IP slows the development of new health technologies for developing coung tries. IP is an essential tool for helping to ensure the safety and efficacy of new products and for creating markets and delivering medicines at affordable prices. Fortunately, thanks to new funding from donors such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the United States National Institutes of Health, European donors and some developing countries, the public sector has more resources to maximize its strategic use of IP systems.
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization
دوره 84 5 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006